Product Overview
[Drug Name]
Generic Name: Chaxinnamin Tablets
Trade Name: Liye Pharmaceutical Chaxinnamin Tablets, 60 Tablets
Pinyin Code: LiYeZhiYao ChaXinNaMinPian
[Main Ingredients]
This product is a compound preparation. Each tablet contains 75mg of aminophylline (as anhydrous theophylline), 15mg of bromhexine hydrochloride, and 1.5mg of oxyphenamine maleate.
[Properties]
This product is a white or slightly yellow tablet.
[Indications/Main Functions]
It is used to relieve wheezing symptoms of bronchial asthma, asthmatic bronchitis, and obstructive pulmonary emphysema. It can also be used for asthma caused by cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and for patients with acute or chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis who have excessive, sticky sputum that is difficult to cough up.
[Specifications]
60 tablets
[Dosage and Administration]
Oral administration. 1-2 tablets at a time, 3 times a day, or as directed by a physician.
[Adverse Reactions]
Common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, irritability, and insomnia. Tachycardia and arrhythmias may also occur.
[Contraindications]
1. This product is contraindicated in patients with allergies to any of its components.
2. This product is contraindicated in patients with active peptic ulcers.
3. This product is contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled convulsive disorders.
[Drug Interactions]
1. Diltiazem and verapamil may interfere with theophylline metabolism in the liver. Combined use with this product may increase theophylline's blood concentration and toxicity.
2. Cimetidine may increase theophylline's blood concentration and/or toxicity.
3. Certain antibacterial drugs, such as the macrolides erythromycin, roxithromycin, and clarithromycin; the fluoroquinolones enoxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin; and clindamycin and lincomycin, may reduce theophylline's serum clearance and increase its blood concentration. Erythromycin and enoxacin are particularly notable. When theophylline is used in combination with these drugs, the dosage should be appropriately reduced.
4. Phenobarbital, phenytoin, and rifampicin can induce hepatic enzymes and accelerate the hepatic clearance of theophylline. Theophylline also interferes with phenytoin absorption, resulting in decreased plasma concentrations of both. Therefore, dosage adjustments should be made when used together.
5. Concomitant use with lithium salts can increase renal excretion of lithium, impairing its efficacy.
6. Concomitant use with mexiletine can reduce theophylline clearance and increase plasma theophylline concentrations, necessitating dosage adjustments.
7. Concomitant use with caffeine or other xanthines can increase the effects and toxicity of theophylline.
8. Bromhexine can increase the bronchial distribution of tetracycline antibiotics, thus enhancing the efficacy of these antibiotics when used together with this product.
[Precautions]
1. This product is not suitable for patients with status asthmaticus or acute bronchospasm.
2. Serum theophylline concentrations should be monitored regularly to ensure maximum efficacy and avoid excessive blood concentrations.
3. Caution should be exercised in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, those over 55 years of age, particularly males, and those with concomitant chronic lung disease, heart failure of any cause, or persistent fever. Theophylline clearance may be reduced in patients taking certain medications that affect theophylline excretion. Serum theophylline concentrations often remain significantly elevated after discontinuation of concomitant medications. The dosage should be adjusted or the dosing interval extended as appropriate.
4. Theophylline preparations may cause arrhythmias and worsen existing arrhythmias; any changes in heart rate and/or rhythm should be monitored and investigated.
5. This product should be used with caution in patients with a history of hypoxemia or hypertension.
[Pediatric Use]
Plasma clearance may be reduced in neonates, leading to increased serum concentrations; therefore, caution should be exercised.
[Elderly Use]
Use with caution in patients over 55 years of age due to decreased plasma clearance and increased potential toxicity.
[Overdose]
This study has not been conducted and no reliable references are available.
[Pharmacology and Toxicology]
Aminophylline has a direct relaxing effect on airway smooth muscle. Its mechanism of action is complex. Recent experiments suggest that theophylline's bronchodilator effect is partially due to the release of endogenous epinephrine and norepinephrine. Furthermore, theophylline is a purine receptor blocker, counteracting the constrictive effects of adenine and other purines on the airways. Theophylline can enhance diaphragmatic contractility, particularly when the diaphragm is weak, thus improving respiratory function. Bromhexine hydrochloride has a mucolytic effect, primarily acting on the cells of the tracheal and bronchial mucous glands, causing them to secrete low-viscosity, small-molecule mucins. This reduces and dilutes mucus, making it easier to expectorate. It also promotes ciliary motility in the respiratory mucosa and has an expectorant effect. Chlorpheniramine maleate is a histamine H1 receptor blocker, which can counteract allergic symptoms such as histamine-induced microvascular dilation and increased capillary permeability. It also has mild sedative and M cholinergic receptor blocking effects.
